south side chicago 1950s
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Known as "Bronzeville," the neighborhood was surprisingly small, but at its peak more than 300,000 lived in the narrow, seven-mile strip. The streetcars shown here were Western Ave. cars, running east on 69th St. to get to the Vincennes / 77th St. barn. The station was closed in 1952, probably just a few months before this picture was taken. As always, if you have any information to share about these pictures, or simply have a question or comment, do not hesitate to let us know. Once a separate community, South Chicago began as a series of scattered Native American settlements before becoming a village. ?etc Chicago's South Side in black & white May 12, 2016 SJNN By Alden Loury Looking West down 79th Street at Western Ave, Chicago, IL. They were simultaneously subject to predatory practices such as contract selling, in which realtors would deceive buyers into signing contracts to buy marked-up houses on installment with high interest rates and no guarantee of title. 4:47 Cars #1797, 1759, and 1784 at 59th Street, December 31, 1954 Last Run of the Hagerstown & Frederick: It was converted to apartments in 1985. Public housing was intended to house a mix of working-class and poor families and was welcomed and enjoyed by new residents, according to early testimonies. 29:34 (Johnstown Traction recordings were made August 9, 1953) Some southbound The cars have 1953 license plates. Chicago Hoods: West Side. Photo 530 is at the south end of the Vincennes Ave. private right-of-way segment at the 10800 block of Vincennes (108th St. did not go through to Vincennes, there were no intersections along Vincennes between 107th St. and 109th St.). The comments about the photo at Division and Crosby are confirmed by the street sign at left showing that street to be Burling Street. CHICAGO, Saturday, August 1, 1964 Four bombings this week raised to 46 the number of bomb or arson attacks on Chicago area businesses in the last 18 months. At a beach near 29th Street, a white man began throwing rocks at Black boys who were swimming at a perceived whites-only beach, drowning seventeen-year-old Eugene Williams. 4:45 Car 5727, January 16, 1954 The city, which had been 85.9 percent white in 1950 and 76.4 percent in 1960, saw that proportion fall to 65.6 percent in 1970 and 49.6 percent in 1980. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7208 is on Western near 34th on September 3, 1950. The South Side is one of the three major sections of the city of Chicago, Illinois, U.S. Geographically, it is the largest of the three sections of the city, with the other two being the North Side and the West Side. These segregated communities maintained a tense coexistence until 1919, when racist white hostility bubbled over. These demarcations were shaped by racist sentiments toward Black residents and non-whites and manifested through urban planning, housing policies, discriminatory banking, and other practicesall effectively confining people from different demographic groups to certain parts of the city. Toledo & Eastern: 5:09 Passenger interurban #9 Through the citys use of eminent domain, much of that neighborhood, which included Black, Italian, Greek, and Jewish residents, was razed in the 1960s for the construction of the Dan Ryan Expressway and the development of the University of Illinois Chicago Circle Campus. Many of the photos show the same area from a number of different angles, giving a snapshot early transportation worked and everyday life through a look at businesses, fashion, architecture and more. 06. ), Now Available On Compact Disc (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4060 is southbound on Western at 66th on October 9, 1955. Technology advances enter the classroom and Chicago schools now have projectors, microscopes and early computer kits. The date is June 16, 1954. Chapter Titles: From the 1920s through the 1950s, Chicago's South Side was the center for African-American culture and business. I always knew about racism growing up in the 70s, recall seeing the hippies in Old town. 05. Fuller Park is one of the worst neighborhoods in the city by almost every metric. Fuller Park is the Chicago neighborhood which experienced the largest decline in population over the sixty years from the citys peak population in 1950 to 2010; its population declined precipitously from 17,000 in 1950 to under 3,000 . Greektown, the south side's Chinatown, South Asians on Devon Street, Pilsen's Mexican Americans, and the Polish Triangle are just a handful of the vibrant communities in Chicago - famously. . Along with hundreds, or perhaps even a few thousand other onlookers, I watched as 30 ft flames gutted the building that July evening. 05. Where is Rembrandt in The Night Watch painting? You can hear our 19-minute conversation here. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4262 is on 77th, by the car barn at 77th and Vincennes. What makes this picture so interesting is the road sign, Keep left of tracks. Thats because, precisely at this spot, the streetcar tracks moved off the street and onto private right-of-way between Vincennes Ave. and the main line of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific railroad. Keep up the excellent effort. Streetcars were on rails, so they could maintain such clearances. You can see the streetcar trackage reverting to street running headed south. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4053 on Western and 66th on July 31, 1955. Another clue that helps pinpoint the date is the light lettering on dark background seen on license plates in this image. The neighborhood surrounding the East 63rd Street L lost more than 83 percent of its population over the next 30 years. Subways Since 1960 Copyright 2009-2018, DNAinfo. (Wien-Criss Archive), The date at which this photo of CTA PCC 4421 could have been taken, southbound on Clark at Van Buren, is a bit of a mystery. After Chicagos incorporation by Yankees in 1837, European immigrants flocked to the city through the early 1900s; Irish, Jewish, Polish, German, Italian, Czech/Bohemian, Swedish, and Lithuanian immigrants among them. Look at the bottom of the photo. But the largest group of projects was the Street State corridor in the former Bronzeville Black Belt, which had a total of 7,938 units. This picture is the reverse direction, looking north from the westbound platform of the Englewood L at Halsted. 05. The rest of Madison was bussed. 17:34 Car #172, February 20, 1954 as broadcast on WJEJ, February 21, 1954, with host Carroll James, Sr. There are different types of segregation beyond the Black-white binary that normally, and rightfully, comes to mind. The postwar relocation of urban whites, known as white flight, was facilitated by the new expressways that connected them to the developing suburbs west of the city limits, where Black, Latinx, and the growing Asian population were kept out. Your caption says this streetcar is on 77th St. No, it is on Vincennes Ave., in front of the 77th St. barn, heading north. But by then, the Pullman PCCs were systematically being retired and shipped to St. Louis, where they were scrapped and parts were reused in rapid transit cars. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4096 is westbound on Madison, crossing over the Chicago River. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4027 (at left) passes a postwar car on Western at 24th on June 7, 1956. Disc Two (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4101 is westbound on Madison, but where did it cross the Chicago & North Western? It should be taught in school. At this time, the temporary Van Buren trackage was still under construction, and this picture was taken from the Garfield Park L station, then still in use. Our resident South side history expert M. E. writes: I have a lot of comments about your latest post #241. Your financial contributions help make this web site better, and are greatly appreciated. 8:40 Queens Plaza station, December 31, 1954 (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7243 is on Western at the Chicago River on June 10, 1956. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic566.jpg Located on the south side of Chicago, Bronzeville became an established neighborhood around the turn of the twentieth century. Building Chicagos Subways is in stock and now available for immediate shipment. After its peak in the 1950s, a variety of changes influenced the direction the Outfit took. The Trolley Dodger On the Air From the 1910s to the 1920s, thousands of Mexicans were recruited by industrial contractors to work seasonally in the Midwest, in some cases as strikebreakers in the steel mills. Between 1950 and 1960 Chicago's population shrank for the first time in its history, as factory jobs leveled off and people moved to the suburbs. (Wien-Criss Archive), Passengers are getting off northbound CTA 7192 at Western and Van Buren on October 10, 1952. People wait for a streetcar in downtown Chicago. IND Subway (New York City): The ease of getting around that city is amazing. The first order to build rapid transit cars from PCC streetcars was in June 1953 for 150 cars; followed by a 100 car order in Feb. 1954, a 20 car order in Dec. 1954, an 80 car order in June 1955 and a 50 car order in Dec. 1955. Skilled workers and factory workers lost their jobs during the crisis. 04. Poor neighborhoods were razed and replaced. Title Building Chicagos Subways Southside of Chicago Capital of Black America By Carla Punla Suffered its first postindustrial crisis as the meatpacking industries began to close Robert Taylor Homes was known to be the largest housing project. (Wein-Criss Archive), Northbound CTA PCC 7206 is on Western Avenue, passing a two-car train of PCC rapid transit cars on the Garfield Park temporary trackage in Van Buren Street. The University of Illinois at Chicago's digital photo collections . You would be forgiven for not recognizing this location, but thats the Western Avenue station on the Humboldt Park L, just north of North Avenue. 03. and All rights reserved.. Espaol: Gua de recursos COVID-19 en el sur de Chicago, The Geography of Fear: Policing a Segregated Chicago. The original objective was to treat basic illness and to train nurses and interns. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4102, a Pullman PCC, is heading west at about 500 W. Madison, operating on the Madison-Fifth branch of Route 20. They were concentrated in the Lincoln Park neighborhood on the North Side and are credited for pioneering the fight against displacement due to gentrification spurred by the expanding DePaul University campusa fight they lost. 1950. Despite the simplicity of Chicagos famous grid system, designed for flat land and seemingly equitable on a map, residents of Chicago have never been equally dispersed or had the same freedom of movement and belonging. 17:25 (Car 187, Brighton Car House, December 13, 1951 regular service abandoned April 29, 1951) Great Photo Set! To reach Englewood, this bus line ran east on 95th to Vincennes, north to 87th, west to Morgan, north to 63rd, then east to the Englewood L. Photo 504 shows car 4108 turning off of northbound Dearborn St. to westbound Kinzie St. before continuing north on Clark St. Photo 506 is certainly plausible. With all the different types of people Chicago attracted at this time, the entertainment industry became a powerful force to be reckoned with. For Shipping Elsewhere: Andre Kristopans says it is Crossing under CNW and PRR at Rockwell. Women approach a news stand in Chicago in 1940. Discriminatory housing policies meant that the majority of African American families lived like the Youngers, in kitchenette apartments - larger apartments were broken up into several smaller homes, with a very small kitchen and one bedroom. 10. Maps of Chicagos early ethnic composition show that immigrants and their descendants lived in clusters. In the 1960s, for instance, the advent of "free love" took a significant bite out of the vice trade. And this photo is at 69th and Western, showing a northbound Western car turning east on 69th to head to the 77th St. barn. Known as Bronzeville, the neighborhood was surprisingly small, but at its peak more than 300,000 lived in the narrow, seven-mile strip. The plan was ostensibly intended to decentralize Black poverty and relocate residents to mixed-income housing in integrated neighborhoods. Brace Yourself: Chicago's 'Hawk' Winter Wind Turns 50, Lin-Manuel Miranda Touts New Song To Raise Money For Puerto Rico: LISTEN, 'Stranger Things 2' Uses Wrong Skyline For 1980s Chicago, Obama Doesn't Want To Take A Selfie With You, And This Is Why, Chicago Is Close To Prince Harry's Heart: His GF Is A Northwestern Alumna. The southeast corner building was nondescript, although at one point it was a Stineway drug store. Between 1950 and 1960, most white residents in Chicago's south side Woodlawn neighborhood fled as poor blacks moved in. I trust that the Trolley Dodger blog will continue as it is regardless of the future of ChicagoTransit. (Wien-Criss Archive), An unidentified CTA red car is on Halsted at 63rd Street on September 16, 1953. In the Windy City, jazz started out in small local clubs on the South Side. Foursquare. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic558.jpg From the 1920s through the 1950s, Chicago's South Side was the center for African-American culture and business. But the most creative period for the city was the 1950s, when rivals Chess and Vee Jay battled for supremacy in the rhythm-and-blues market. From the Original Master Tapes For Shipping to Canada: Roger W/Flickr 2. This portion of the old Humboldt Park line was not demolished for another decade, and the story goes that it would have been used by Chicago Aurora & Elgin interurban trains as a midday storage area, if service on that line could have continued after 1957. This pattern ran from 107th St. north to the Rock Island suburban line viaduct at 89th St., at which point the streetcar tracks rejoined Vincennes Ave. to go under the viaduct. South Side Chicago. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA prewar PCC 4008 is at Cottage Grove and 115th, south end of Route 4. You can help us continue our original transit research by checking out the fine products in our Online Store. The suburban bus company had two routes into Englewood one north along Western, then east on 63rd (this was the Harvey bus), the other north along Halsted St. from the south (this was the Chicago Heights bus). The growing Black population eventually formed settlements farther south and up north in isolated and undeveloped areas along the Kinzie rail lines, Roosevelt, and the North Branch of the Chicago River. The station was closed in 1952, probably just a few months before this picture was taken. Shaker Heights Rapid Transit: So, where is the Shameless house located? 4:34 PCCs #1708, 1752, 1727, 1739, December 6, 1953 04. It's a glorious and sloppy mess, but one that represents home for many South Siders. Shameless fans, you are welcome to come inside the gate and take pictures on the porch, a sign in front of the house reads. The YMCA Hotel, seen in the background, opened in 1916 and closed in 1979. Why not mention that the Panama Ltd and the City of Miami operated there on the tracks nearest to Cottage Grove; not to mention IC freight activity and such trackage rights New York Central trains as the James Whitcomb Riley and the Twilight Ltd? As he led a march through Marquette Park on the Southwest Side, he was attacked with bricks by a racist white mob. Between 1925 and 1950, Chicago's black literary output rivaled the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s. CTA PCC 4144 is southbound on Halsted. In those days, the fastest way from the south side to the Loop was the Englewood L, which ended at 63rd Place and Loomis (1400 W.) And of course the Englewood business district was very prosperous. Total time: 74:02 The developments were primarily clustered into six groups in addition to scattered sites with low-rise buildings and row houses. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 453 and 190 are on Halsted at 63rd Place on May 21, 1954. 7113 crossing back to the right-hand track would have involved the same procedure unless there was a common, wired, trailing crossover a couple of blocks further. 04. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 153 is northbound at Halsted and Congress on October 5, 1953. Perhaps there was a parade on State Street that day (between 1939 and 1949 there was no State Street bridge, and this would have been the regular route for 36 then). This series was produced for WTTWS FIRSTHAND: SEGREGATION, an award-winning FIRSTHAND multiplatform, multi-year initiative focusing on the firsthand perspectives of people facing critical issues in Chicago. 09. This northeast corner was originally occupied by the long defunct Becker-Ryan Dept. 4:04 Here are some shots around Illinois during the 1950s. Many immigrants were fleeing poverty and war, with many others coming to Chicago in pursuit of economic prosperity. Third Avenue El (New York City): According to the Hyde Park Herald, since 1916, restrictive covenants kept Chicagos neighborhoods white from the northern gates of Hyde Park at 35th and Drexel Boulevard to Woodlawn, Park Manor, South Shore, Windsor Park, and all the far-flung white communities of the South Side.. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4050 is southbound on Western at the Douglas Park L on November 11, 1955. First, they were all taken in Chicago during the 1950s. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4208 is southbound on State Street at 64th, just a few blocks south of where car 7078 was involved in a horrific crash with a truck on May 25, 1950. Seems to have been a good choice since the same building is still a Ford dealer today. Under the Plan for Transformation, the City began to knock down the projects one by one like dominos. (Wien-Criss Archive), The Western and Berwyn loop on June 10, 1956. Sixty-three percent of the time, Black testers posing as potential renters holding CHA Housing Choice Vouchers experienced some form of discrimination. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 4108 is northbound at Kinzie Street. A community can be described as a collection of individuals who share a common location or trait.People who live in the same neighborhood, work at the same company, or attend the same school together are . Check out these old photos of Illinois from the 1940s. The South Side has been home to some of the most significant figures in the history of American politics. Chicago Photos . Dates: 1936-2004. In the 1950s, South Side Jewish communities also formed in Jeffery Manor, Beverly, and Calumet Heights. The New York Times - August 2, 1964. During the 1940s to 1960s, the second ghetto is driven with tensions over housing and the dynamics of neighborhood change due to the rapid growth of black community. Store which was acquired by the Sears interests who replaced the original Becker-Ryan building. CHA admitted they lost track of thousands of displaced people as they moved to other Black neighborhoods. PCC 7151 is a two-man car, and passengers are boarding at the rear. Geographically, it is the largest of the three Sides of the city that radiate from downtown-the other Sides of the city being the North Side and the West Side.South Side, Chicago. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4059 on Western at 28th on November 20, 1955. Length 128 pages I see no turning track from southbound Western to eastbound 69th. South Side Weekly partnered with WTTW and the Invisible Institute to co-publish text and visual reporting and analysis covering the impact racial divisions have on individuals, the city, and our region. Two CTA bus routes served the 79th and Western station: West 79th (to almost Cicero Ave.) and South Western (to 119th St.) The buses shown were manufactured by ACF Brill, probably in the 1940s, because they had stick shifts. Our friend Kenneth Gear recently acquired the original Railroad Record Club master tapes. An Irish mainstay, Kelly's is one of the oldest family-owned pubs in Chicago, opening just after Prohibition was repealed and the alcohol flowed freely again. Many were pushed to industry-heavy Pilsen, which for almost a century was an immigrant point of entry, but is now one of the most expensive gentrifying neighborhoods on the South Side. Chicago's historic South Side neighborhood is a largely residential community defined by its red brick houses and tree-shaded sidewalks. Railroad Record Club North Shore Line Rarities 1955-1963 There are 223,867 residents in South Side Chicago, with a median age of 36. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA PCC 7057, a product of the St. Louis Car Company, is at Waveland and Halsted, the north end of Route 8. I LOVE this article! Chicagos first rapid transit subway opened in 1943 after decades of wrangling over routes, financing, and logistics. Their early presence is not reflected in our interactive map because the U.S. Census did not accurately track the Mexican population in Chicago during this time period. Jacqueline Serrato is the Weeklys editor-in-chief. In any case, thanks again for all you offer on this website. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7012 at Western and Congress, crossing over the new expressway, on June 11, 1956. Where to begin? Native American tribesthe Potawatomi, Odawa, Sauk, Ojibwe, Illinois, Kickapoo, Miami, Mascouten, Wea, Delaware, Winnebago, Menominee, and Mesquakiewere forced out of what is now Chicago by early French and British settlers. Tens of thousands of Black residents are also leaving their traditional South and West side neighborhoods in recent years, as has been extensively reported, in what some are calling an outmigration or a reverse migration. The citys Black population peaked in the mid-twentieth century and is now at its lowest level since then, with 787,551 Black residents as of 2020. Those canopies were short-lived after the end of streetcar service, as buses eventually ran into them. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 4227 is on the turnback loop at Clark and Howard, the north end of Route 22. 16. Todays photos have two things in common. The first waves of Black migrants fleeing the Jim Crow South were relegated to a vertical strip of land near Lake Michigan. We appeared on WGN radio in Chicago last November, discussing our book Building Chicagos Subways on the Dave Plier Show. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 687 is at Division and Larrabee on May 17, 1954. In order to continue giving you the kinds of historic railroad images that you have come to expect from The Trolley Dodger, we need your help and support. Niagara, St. Catharines & Toronto: Close to a third of Chicago neighborhoods were given a D grade and marked red on a mapthus, redlined. These areas, all of which were predominantly Black communities, were deemed undesirable, and residents from these neighborhoods were usually denied bank loans and insurance, severely limiting their housing prospects and mobility. The cross street is 63rd St. 4:35 August 27, 1954 You can see the shadow of the now-gone Ogden Avenue viaduct at the bottom of the photo. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic530.jpg At the end of Shameless, Lip has decided to sell the Gallagher house for a mere $75,000 a far cry from the $250,000 he was offered by a developer before he pushed too hard and lost that deal. At the turn of the twenty-first century, as the City realized the projects sat on prime real estate, then-Mayor Richard M. Daley introduced a plan to transform public housing in 1999. Google view shows the approximate location from which #536 was taken. He is still stuck on the poverty line, working a food delivery job to support his girlfriend Tami and their son Freddie. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7123 on Western at 66th on July 9, 1950. The Civic Opera House is to the left. https://thetrolleydodger.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/pic512.jpg 17. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7238 is southbound on Western at the Douglas Park L on April 22, 1955. The address is 2119 N Wallace St, Chicago, Illinois 60609. In 1991 the Chicago White Sox began to play in a new Comiskey Park across the street from the old stadium. The Chicago and South Side Rapid Transit Railroad Company was the first to successfully obtain right-of-way and permission to build an elevated passenger railway in Chicago. I wish they could just appreciate from afar without taking and still destroying everything in their way. This view is looking south along Western at 71st St. Capital Transit: (Really! Chicago is one of the most segregated cities in the United States. Chicago Public Library, Harold Washington Library Center, Special Collections. Jimmy Emery from Chicago Heights was particularly involved, as written in the preceding article. As we have said before, If you buy here, we will be here.. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7038 is on Western at Van Buren on June 11, 1956. I have produced some comments about your most recent photo group (Chicago in the 1950s). These were stipulations written into deeds of sale that prohibited Black residents and non-whites from buying, leasing, or inhabiting property in a determined parcel. So the suburban bus line went as far as 63rd Place and Halsted (next to the L station). The State Street Subway . (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7156, sporting unusual yellow numbers, is on Western at Van Buren on August 13, 1954. They turned east on 63rd to Union Ave. (700 W.), then south to 63rd Place, then west to alongside (south of) the Halsted L station, then back north on Halsted. Residents enjoy close access to several major shopping destinations, particularly the 87th Street Center and the diverse selection of shops and restaurants along Cottage Grove Avenue. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 6154 is southbound at Halsted and Congress on October 5, 1953. The YMCA Hotel was on the west side of the street; the car is northbound, as evidenced by the Downtown head sign. In the background, you can see the large Chicago Bridge and Iron Works, which fronted on the north side of 107th St. He observes that the structures displaced were "very old buildings by the time that the racial makeup began to . South Side Weekly partnered with WTTW and the Invisible Institute to co-publish text and visual reporting and analysis covering the impact racial divisions have on individuals, the city, and our region. (Wien-Criss Archive), CTA 7189 is passing through an area where tracks are being worked on at Western and Cermak on October 15, 1954. Black families in Chicago lost between $3 billion and $4 billion in wealth because of predatory housing contracts during the 1950s and 1960s, according to a new report released Thursday. And early computer kits of Chicagos early ethnic composition show that immigrants and their son Freddie about most... W/Flickr 2 on May 21, 1954 writes: i have a of. But at its peak in the background, you can south side chicago 1950s the streetcar reverting. Immediate shipment, with a median age of 36 the Downtown head sign early ethnic composition that... In 1943 after decades of wrangling over routes, financing, and Calumet Heights looking South Western! 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Cta 7192 at Western and Van Buren on October 10, 1956 this web better. S a glorious and sloppy mess, but at its peak in the narrow, seven-mile.... Written in the narrow, seven-mile strip was on the Dave Plier show Side of worst. University of Illinois at Chicago & # x27 ; s digital photo collections displaced as. Getting around that City is amazing, recall seeing the hippies in old town, Special collections residents! Black migrants fleeing the Jim Crow South were relegated to a vertical strip land... Separate community, South Side Chicago, Illinois 60609 17, 1954 22, 1955 helps pinpoint date! The United States Sears interests who replaced the original Master Tapes boarding at rear... Master Tapes for Shipping Elsewhere: Andre Kristopans says it is regardless of the worst neighborhoods in City... He led a march through Marquette Park on the north Side of 107th St reckoned with suburban bus line as! 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