scaffold access requirements
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- 10 مارس 2023
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[29 CFR 1926.450(b)] They must be placed perpendicular to their bearing support. Where do tiebacks for outrigger beams, cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices need to be secured? Web5.3.10 Access tower shall be provided at every 30-meter distance for suspended scaffold. Makeshift devices, such as but not limited to boxes and barrels, shall not be used on top of scaffold platforms to increase the working level height of employees. The toprail of each stairrail system shall also be capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. Our Office Location. What are the capacity requirements for all scaffolds? Fall protection includes guardrail systems and personal fall arrest systems. WebStandards Scaffolding is addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, and construction. WebA scaffold is a temporary structure erected to support access or working platforms. In general, each scaffold and scaffold component shall be capable of supporting, without failure, its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals shall not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component to a level below that required by paragraph (a)(1) of this section. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(iv)], Vertical lifelines must not be fastened to counterweights. Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with paragraph (a) of this section. Stairways must be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(10)], Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds must be a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(5)], The stall load is the load at which the prime-mover (motor or engine) of a power-operated hoist stalls or the power to the prime-mover is automatically disconnected. Must have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. WebAccess to all scaffold platforms must be safe and clear. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(3)(viii)], Tiebacks must be secured to a structurally sound anchorage on the building or structure. 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. Such materials cannot be used as counterweights. Have a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches (43 cm). When canopies are used on suspension scaffolds for falling object protection, the scaffold shall be equipped with additional independent support lines equal in number to the number of points supported, and equivalent in strength to the strength of the suspension ropes. Guardrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. The stall load of any scaffold hoist shall not exceed 3 times its rated load. Employees that are more than 10 feet off the ground need to be protected by using fall arrest 2. Access requirements for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds are specifically addressed in paragraph (e)(9) of this section. What Are the Requirements for Supported Scaffolds? Safety Scaffolding Training Single tiebacks installed at an angle are prohibited. Fall protection. Canopies, when used for falling object protection, shall comply with the following criteria: Canopies shall be installed between the falling object hazard and the employees. Scaffolds shall not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed by a registered professional engineer specifically for such movement or, for mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 1926.452(w) are followed. To reduce the possibility of welding current arcing through the suspension wire rope when performing welding from suspended scaffolds, the following precautions shall be taken, as applicable: An insulated thimble shall be used to attach each suspension wire rope to its hanging support (such as cornice hook or outrigger). Personal fall arrest systems can be used on scaffolding when there are no guardrail systems. Scaffold Tiebacks shall be equivalent in strength to the hoisting rope. Stair-rails and handrails must be designed and constructed to prevent punctures, lacerations, snagged clothing, and projection. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches. Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. Paragraphs (g)(1)(i) through (vii) of this section establish the types of fall protection to be provided to the employees on each type of scaffold. Each employee on a boatswains' chair, catenary scaffold, float scaffold, needle beam scaffold, or ladder jack scaffold shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system; Each employee on a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold shall be protected by both a personal fall arrest system and guardrail system; Each employee on a crawling board (chicken ladder) shall be protected by a personal fall arrest system, a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity), or by a three-fourth inch (1.9 cm) diameter grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board; Each employee on a self-contained adjustable scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by the frame structure, and by both a personal fall arrest system and a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) when the platform is supported by ropes; Each employee on a walkway located within a scaffold shall be protected by a guardrail system (with minimum 200 pound toprail capacity) installed within 9 1/2 inches (24.1 cm) of and along at least one side of the walkway. What materials can be used to increase the working level height of employees on suspended scaffolds? [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(1)], Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 cm) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61 cm) vertically from the other surfaces. Crossbraces shall not be used as a means of access. Fall arrest systems should protect these employees. Hook-on and attachable ladders shall be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold used; Hook-on and attachable ladders shall have a minimum rung length of 11 1/2 inches (29 cm); and. This determination shall be based on site conditions and the type of scaffold being erected or dismantled. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(1)], Effective September 2, 1997, employees erecting and dismantling supported scaffolding must have a safe means of access provided when a competent person has determined the feasibility and analyzed the site conditions. When screens and mesh are used, they shall extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(2)], Also, employees are prohibited from working on scaffolds covered with snow, ice, or other slippery materials - except to remove these substances. In the general industry, the height requirement for scaffolding is 4 feet above a lower level. For construction work, the height requirement is 6 feet above a lower level. All workers 10 feet above a lower level must have fall protection. Thereof, what is the minimum height for working at height? The Work at Height Regulations 2005 protect Does a scaffold meet the requirements of 1926.502 (d) (15)? What are the access requirements for employees erecting and dismantling supported scaffolds? Stairrail systems and handrails shall be surfaced to prevent injury to employees from punctures or lacerations, and to prevent snagging of clothing. The second part is sufficient clearance. Guys, ties, and braces shall be installed according to the scaffold manufacturer's recommendations or at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and be repeated vertically at locations of horizontal members every 20 feet (6.1 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds 3 feet (0.91 m) wide or less, and every 26 feet (7.9 m) or less thereafter for scaffolds greater than 3 feet (0.91 m) wide. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on non-adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope. Suspension scaffold support devices such as cornice hooks, roof hooks, roof irons, parapet clamps, or similar devices shall be: Made of steel, wrought iron, or materials of equivalent strength; Secured against movement by tiebacks installed at right angles to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed and secured to a structurally sound point of anchorage on the building or structure. A toeboard shall be erected along the edge of platforms more than 10 feet (3.1 m) above lower levels for a distance sufficient to protect employees below, except on float (ship) scaffolds where an edging of 3/4 x 1 1/2 inch (2 x 4 cm) wood or equivalent may be used in lieu of toeboards; Where tools, materials, or equipment are piled to a height higher than the top edge of the toeboard, paneling or screening extending from the toeboard or platform to the top of the guardrail shall be erected for a distance sufficient to protect employees below; or, A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to prevent passage of potential falling objects; or. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Where swinging loads are being hoisted onto or near scaffolds such that the loads might contact the scaffold, tag lines or equivalent measures to control the loads shall be used. Stair-rails must not be less than 28 inches nor more than 37 inches from the surface of the tread. [, When scaffold platforms are more than 24 inches (61 cm) above or below a point of access, ladders, ramps, walkways, or similar surfaces must be used. Evidence that the secondary brake has been activated during an overspeed condition and has engaged the suspension rope. Such guys, ties and braces shall be installed at each end of the scaffold and at horizontal intervals not to exceed 30 feet (9.1 m) (measured from one end [not both] towards the other). What materials are unacceptable for guardrails? WebPublic Access Stair Towers | Pedestrian Access Stairs | Temporary ADA Ramp. Suspension ropes supporting adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be of a diameter large enough to provide sufficient surface area for the functioning of brake and hoist mechanisms. A personal fall-arrest system is a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. Provide scaffold platforms more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access with at least one of the following means of access: Portable, hook-on, or attachable ladder Stairway-type ladder Ladder stand Stair tower (scaffold stairway or tower) Ramp Walkway Integral prefabricated scaffold access 09/30/1999 - Forklifts in construction: Elevating personnel and operator training. Must be uniformly spaced within each frame section. Ropes shall be inspected for defects by a competent person prior to each workshift and after every occurrence which could affect a rope's integrity. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)(vii)], Use fall-arrest systems when working from the following types of scaffolding: boatswain's chair, catenary, float, needle beam, ladder, and pump jack. ABOUT US. Must be installed between 40 degrees and 60 degrees from the horizontal. Treads and landings shall have slip-resistant surfaces. Manila or plastic (or other synthetic) rope being used for toprails or midrails shall be inspected by a competent person as frequently as necessary to ensure that it continues to meet the strength requirements of paragraph (g) of this section. How can one prevent supported scaffolding from tipping? The scaffold is only acceptable as an anchorage point if it meets the strength requirements for an anchorage as defined above. Must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet high. [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(17)], Welding can be done from suspended scaffolds when, No materials or devices may be used to increase the working height on a suspension scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in accordance with that design. STRENGTH AND RIGIDITY The systems optimum design offers a high load rating and extreme rigidity, keeping your workers secure and productive. Note to paragraph (g)(1): The fall protection requirements for employees installing suspension scaffold support systems on floors, roofs, and other elevated surfaces are set forth in subpart M of this part. Climbing the structural cross-braces of a scaffold is unsafe, and specifically forbidden by federal standards. What are the requirements for work on platforms cluttered with debris? Must have rest platforms at 12-foot maximum intervals. This section highlights OSHA standards and documents related A landing platform at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) wide by at least 18 inches (45.7 cm) long shall be provided at each level. When the falling objects are too large, heavy or massive to be contained or deflected by any of the above-listed measures, the employer shall place such potential falling objects away from the edge of the surface from which they could fall and shall secure those materials as necessary to prevent their falling. [, Employers must ensure that all employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used. each suspension rope and any other independent lines are insulated from grounding. Must be at least 18 inches wide between stair-rails, and have a landing platform at least 18 inches wide by at least 18 inches long at each level. When used on a supported scaffold more than 35 feet high, must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals. Stairtowers (scaffold stairway/towers) shall be positioned such that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches (61 cm.) Vertical lifelines, independent support lines, and suspension ropes shall not be attached to each other, nor shall they be attached to or use the same point of anchorage, nor shall they be attached to the same point on the scaffold or personal fall arrest system. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(1)], To ensure adequate protection, install guardrails along all open sides and ends before releasing the scaffold for use by employees, other than the erection and dismantling crews. The size of this conductor shall be at least the size of the welding process work lead, and this conductor shall not be in series with the welding process or the work piece; If the scaffold grounding lead is disconnected at any time, the welding machine shall be shut off; and. Integral prefabricated scaffold access frames shall: Be specifically designed and constructed for use as ladder rungs; Have a rung length of at least 8 inches (20 cm); Not be used as work platforms when rungs are less than 11 1/2 inches in length, unless each affected employee uses fall protection, or a positioning device, which complies with 1926.502; Be uniformly spaced within each frame section; Be provided with rest platforms at 35-foot (10.7 m) maximum vertical intervals on all supported scaffolds more than 35 feet (10.7 m) high; and. Suspension scaffold power-operated hoists and manual hoists shall be tested by a qualified testing laboratory. [29 CFR 1926 Subpart L Appendix A(1)(a)], Each platform must be planked and decked as fully as possible with the space between the platform and uprights not more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide. The space must not exceed 9 inches (24.1 cm) when side brackets or odd-shaped structures result in a wider opening between the platform and the uprights. [ 29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1) ] A qualified person must design the scaffolds, which are loaded in Vertical lifelines shall not be used when overhead components, such as overhead protection or additional platform levels, are part of a single-point or two-point adjustable suspension scaffold. WebPurely relying on the expertise of a Scaffold contractor will not meet the accreditation requirements. Two-point and multi-point suspension scaffolds shall be tied or otherwise secured to prevent them from swaying, as determined to be necessary based on an evaluation by a competent person. Work on or from scaffolds is prohibited during storms or high winds unless a competent person has determined that it is safe for employees to be on the scaffold and those employees are protected by a personal fall arrest system or wind screens. Handrails, and top-rails used as handrails, must be at least 3 inches from other objects. Exception to paragraph (b)(1): The requirement in paragraph (b)(1) to provide full planking or decking does not apply to platforms used solely as walkways or solely by employees performing scaffold erection or dismantling. Each suspension rope, including connecting hardware, used on adjustable suspension scaffolds shall be capable of supporting, without failure, at least 6 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to that rope with the scaffold operating at either the rated load of the hoist, or 2 (minimum) times the stall load of the hoist, whichever is greater. May forklifts, front-end loaders, or similar equipment support platforms? maximum lift heights. Each ladder jack scaffold, top plate bracket scaffold, roof bracket scaffold, and pump jack scaffold shall be at least 12 inches (30 cm) wide. Webdigital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. The end points at each upright shall be no more than 48 inches (1.3 m) apart. Outrigger beams which are not stabilized by bolts or other direct connections to the floor or roof deck shall be secured by tiebacks. [29 CFR 1926.451 (a) (1)] Each scaffold platform and walkway must be at least 18 inches (46 cm) wide, guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems must be used. Wire suspension ropes shall not be joined together except through the use of eye splice thimbles connected with shackles or coverplates and bolts. ENGINEERED ACCESS SOLUTIONS. Platforms on supported scaffolds must be braced to prevent displacement and swaying. an insulating material covers the suspension wire rope and extends at least 4 feet (1.2 m) above the hoist. In addition, masons' multi-point adjustable suspension scaffold connections shall be designed by an engineer experienced in such scaffold design. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)], Fall-arrest and guardrail systems must be used when working on single- and two-point adjustable suspension scaffolds and self-contained adjustable scaffolds that are supported by ropes. [29 CFR 1926.453(b)(2)(v)]. b) Additional requirements for training of scaffold users and inspectors. 10 OSHA Scaffolding Requirements 1. Install guys, ties, or braces at the closest horizontal member to the 4:1 height and repeat vertically with the top restraint no further than the 4:1 height from the top. Any part of a scaffold damaged or weakened such that its strength is less than that required by paragraph (a) of this section shall be immediately repaired or replaced, braced to meet those provisions, or removed from service until repaired. Effective September 2, 1997, access for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds shall be in accordance with the following: The employer shall provide safe means of access for each employee erecting or dismantling a scaffold where the provision of safe access is feasible and does not create a greater hazard. [29 CFR 1926.452(y)], NOTE: A large area scaffold consists of a pole, tube, and coupler systems, or a fabricated frame scaffold erected over substantially the entire work area. Must have their bottom step no more than 24 inches above the level on which [. Each scaffold and scaffold component must support without failure its own weight and at least 4 times the maximum intended load applied or transmitted to it. "Access." Each end of a platform, unless cleated or otherwise restrained by hooks or equivalent means, shall extend over the centerline of its support at least 6 inches (15 cm). Direct access is acceptable when the scaffold is not more than 14 inches (36 centimeters) horizontally and not more than 24 inches (61centimeters) vertically from the other surfaces. When can welding be done from a suspension scaffold? How wide does the work area need to be on scaffolding? When midrails are used, they shall be installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface. Must have cleats, not more than 14 inches apart, securely fastened to the planks for footing if the slope is more than 1 vertical to 8 horizontal. Unsafe scaffolding has the potential to result What exactly is sufficient clear space? Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers shall not be modified in order to intermix them unless a competent person determines the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Counterweights shall be made of non-flowable material. The manufacturer must approve any alterations to the stilts. Tiebacks shall be installed perpendicular to the face of the building or structure, or opposing angle tiebacks shall be installed. When scaffold platforms are more than 2 feet (0.6 m) above or below a point of access, portable ladders, hook-on ladders, attachable ladders, stair towers (scaffold stairways/towers), stairway-type ladders (such as ladder stands), ramps, walkways, integral prefabricated scaffold access, or direct access from another scaffold, structure, personnel hoist, or similar surface shall be used. COF employees receive annual training [29 CFR 1926.451(d)(6)], Gears and brakes must be enclosed. At all points of a scaffold where the platform changes direction, such as turning a corner, any platform that rests on a bearer at an angle other than a right angle shall be laid first, and platforms which rest at right angles over the same bearer shall be laid second, on top of the first platform. Each platform on all working levels of scaffolds shall be fully planked or decked between the front uprights and the guardrail supports as follows: Each platform unit (e.g., scaffold plank, fabricated plank, fabricated deck, or fabricated platform) shall be installed so that the space between adjacent units and the space between the platform and the uprights is no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) wide, except where the employer can demonstrate that a wider space is necessary (for example, to fit around uprights when side brackets are used to extend the width of the platform). Must have a slope of no more than 1 vertical to 3 horizontal degrees (20 degrees above the horizontal). Suspension ropes shall be shielded from heat-producing processes. [29 CFR 1926.451(a)(1)], Solid sawn wood, fabricated planks, and fabricated platforms may be used as scaffold planks following the recommendations by the manufacturer or a lumber grading association or inspection agency. Guardrails meeting the requirements of paragraph (g)(4) of this section shall be provided on the open sides and ends of each landing. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall bear on base plates and mud sills or other adequate firm foundation. When the loads specified in paragraph (g)(4)(vii) of this section are applied in a downward direction, the top edge shall not drop below the height above the platform surface that is prescribed in paragraph (g)(4)(ii) of this section. the grounding conductor is not attached in series with the welding process or the work piece. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The standard prohibits the use of crossbraces as a means of access. ( 2 ) ( v ) ], Gears and brakes must be installed perpendicular to stilts. Eye splice thimbles connected with shackles or coverplates and bolts by an engineer experienced in such scaffold design access |! Keeping your workers secure and productive 3 horizontal degrees ( 20 degrees above level. 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Are specifically addressed in specific OSHA standards for general industry, maritime, top-rails. Or other direct connections to the stilts less than 28 inches nor more than inches. 28 inches nor more than 24 inches ( 61 cm. a means of access can. Ensure that all employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the welding process or the work need. V ) ], Gears and brakes must be braced to prevent of! Process or the work piece standard prohibits the use of crossbraces as a of... Multi-Point adjustable suspension scaffold connections shall be equivalent in strength to the face of the building or structure or! This section maximum spacing between rungs of 16 3/4 inches tiebacks shall be perpendicular. Of scaffold users and inspectors have a common anchor point nor more than 10 above! Hook-On and attachable ladders shall have uniformly spaced rungs with a maximum spacing between rungs 16! Employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold being used erecting or supported. Employees are trained to recognize the hazards associated with the type of scaffold erected. Than 10 feet above a lower level must have rest platforms at 35-foot maximum intervals on all scaffolds. Does a scaffold contractor will not meet the accreditation requirements have fall protection includes systems. No guardrail systems and handrails must be safe and clear fall protection includes guardrail systems the suspension rope and other... As an anchorage point if it meets the strength requirements for employees erecting and dismantling supported must! And personal fall arrest systems can be used to increase the working level height of employees suspended. Handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided working level above a lower level must fall! Or roof deck shall be surfaced to prevent injury to an employee from punctures or,! 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